Page 203 - Ebook cây cảnh Art of Bonsai

Plant care directory 203

Caragana arborescens
Betula pendula Silver birch This Fertilizing Throughout the growing season.
deciduous tree is common across the UK and Transplanting/Soil Most plants require CHINESE PEA TREE
northern Europe. It has arched branches and transplanting every two years; transplant This deciduous shrub from Siberia is
pendulous branchlets. more mature trees less frequently to occasionally used for shohin to medium-sized
maintain a small leaf size. Use a normal trees in Asia. A very tough tree, it is tolerates
Betula pubescens Downy birch Very deciduous soil mix. drought, cold, heat, and wind. It is easy to
similar to B. pendula, this tree has slight Pests/Diseases Spider mites and boxwood keep and style, and will flower with yellow
differences in natural habitat but is identical suckers can cause damage to the foliage. pealike blooms that set to pod fruit. It has
for bonsai purposes. The downy birch has Boxwood blight is a fungal disease that starts alternate compound leaves.
shoots covered in fine hairs, a slightly duller off as spots on the leaves—which drop off— Hardiness/Location Hardy, zones 2–7. It is
bark, and a finely serrated leaf edge. and soon spreads throughout the tree. tolerant of most conditions but will thrive with
Pruning/Styling Defoliation of leaves along a little winter protection.
the branches, leaving the tip to grow with Watering It is drought tolerant but will thrive
Bougainvillea
a few pairs of leaves, will create new shoots with regular watering when the surface begins
BOUGAINVILLEA at the base of removed leaves. Loosely wire to dry out.
This genus of flowering vines is found all young shoots. Fertilizing Throughout the growing season.
over the warmer parts of the world from Propagation Take cuttings in summer, or Transplanting/Soil Every two to three years,
the Mediterranean to Australia. It is a very propagate by air layering. depending on the pot size. Use a small-particle
popular ornamental plant and species for bonsai soil mix.
bonsai due to the vine’s vigor, resilience, Buxus microphylla Japanese Pests/Diseases Generally pest free.
and reaction to hard pruning. boxwood A slightly less vigorous variety. Pruning/Styling Prune throughout the year to
Hardiness/Location Half hardy to frost Several dwarf cultivars exist including shape, remove the sucker shoots on the trunk,
tender, zone 10. Provide full sun, but ‘Kingsville’, popular across North America. and wire the branches to shape as normal.
provide protection if temperatures fall Propagation Cuttings, seed.
below 45°F (7°C). Buxus sempervirens Common
Watering Water daily in summer, and more boxwood, European boxwood This is
sparingly in winter. generally available as hedging or yard shrub. Carpinus
Fertilizing Every two weeks throughout the HORNBEAM
summer months. A popular deciduous bonsai, hornbeam has
Transplanting/Soil Every three to four years Camellia japonica alternate serrated leaves that turn brilliant
in spring. Use a free-draining soil mix. CAMELLIA orange-yellow in fall. Leaves can become very
Pests/Diseases Spider mites, mealybugs, This is an occasionally used species in Japan small with dense ramification. Some varieties
aphids, and whiteflies may be troublesome but not incredibly popular in the West. It is an will have long, pendulous flowers and fruit.
under cover. acid-loving evergreen shrub with large, waxy The branches do not tend to thicken when
Pruning/Styling Trim back straggling shoots leaves and beautiful flowers in winter and grown in a pot, and growth can be in random
continually to create a compact plant. spring. There are more than 2,000 cultivars; directions. Regular pruning and wiring will
Propagation From cuttings. the best for bonsai have very small single create a more refined structure.
flowers, especially sasanqua varieties. Hardiness/Location Frost hardy, zones 4–9.
Hardiness/Location Frost hardy, zones 7–9. Protect the pot and branches from heavy
Buxus
It is best to protect camellias from frost and frost or extended periods of freezing. Give
BOXWOOD drying, cold winds. They will grow well in full sun except during intense summer sun,
This evergreen shrub can make very good shade or in full sun if watered well. when leaves may scorch. Tender new foliage
bonsai if trained correctly, but can be over Watering Camellias are thirsty plants in is susceptible to sun- and windburn.
pruned and create small, disconnected foliage summer: do not allow them to dry out or Watering Do not allow it to dry out during
pads on the ends of branches. Regular they will not set flowers. the growing season, and keep moist but not
pruning is required to develop trees that Fertilizing Use an acidic fertilizer lightly wet during winter.
can build up foliage mass very quickly. The throughout the growing season. Do not Fertilizing To push growth, begin to fertilize in
wood becomes very hard, which means push growth if a compact tree is required. the spring. It does not suffer from elongating
thick branches cannot be bent and carving Transplanting/Soil Every two to three years node length as much as maples. More refined
on shari sections is possible. Collected is suitable. Normal bonsai soil mix is good to trees start when leaves have hardened off
material is available from landscapes and ensure the pH is neutral. and been pruned back.
also across southern Europe. Due to the Pests/Diseases Various fungal and viral Transplanting/Soil Usually every two to three
small leaf size, it makes good shohin diseases are possible, although if your plant years with younger trees, and three to four
material in any style. is healthy and normal precautions are taken, with more mature specimens. A small-particle
Hardiness/Location Frost hardy, zones 5–8. it should not be an issue. Yellowing leaves are soil mix is better for fine root development
Protect the shrub from frost and cold, drying more likely a sign of nutrient deficiency due and water retention.
winds. It will suffer from leaf scorch in intense to alkaline soil. Pests/Diseases Aphids and caterpillars, coral
sun, small pots, and drought conditions. Pruning/Styling Prune after flowering in spot, and powdery mildew are possible, but it
Watering It is thirsty in summer, so do not spring since flowers tend to set at the end of is relatively problem free.
allow it to dry out. It has fleshy roots, so do new growth. Wire and lightly bend woody Pruning/Styling Allow new shoots to extend
not overwater in winter if there is any chance branches. It is suitable for a number of styles. out to five or six leaves before pinching off
of freezing. Propagation Cuttings, layering, seed. the growing tip. Allow weaker branches to