Page 208 - Ebook cây cảnh Art of Bonsai

208 Plant care directory

Transplanting/Soil Every two to three years Fertilizing Lightly during the growing season; Give it full sun, but provide shade in intense
in spring. Use a moisture-retentive mix. it is a slow grower and cannot be forced. midsummer heat.
Pests/Diseases They are generally problem Transplanting/Soil Transplant every two to Watering Do not allow it to dry out in the
free, although scale can be an issue. Leaf three years, or slightly longer for more mature growing season; keep moist, but not wet, in
discoloration or drop is generally caused by trees. Use a deciduous soil mix. winter.
poor positioning. Pests/Diseases Generally pest free. Fertilizing Apply a little throughout the
Pruning/Styling Prune to shape, and thin out Pruning/Styling See above. Trim back shoots growing season.
dense areas. Defoliation is possible on strong in fall. Branches should be upswept. Transplanting/Soil Every two to three years
trees. Wire thinner shoots to style. Clip and Propagation Seed, layering. as a guideline, in a very small pot potentially
grow is a good technique to use here. A lot annually. Use a small-particle, water-retentive
of trees tend to end up with very upward deciduous soil mix.
growing branches, so take care to lower them Ilex serrata Pests/Diseases Generally pest free.
or prune to favor downward growing shoots. JAPANESE DECIDUOUS HOLLY, Pruning/Styling Allow the growth to extend
Use any style, and any size. WINTERBERRY before pruning it back to shape. Jasmine is a
Propagation Take cuttings. The gray bark, thin, slightly serrated leaves, vigorous grower and will bud from old wood.
and red fall-winter fruit make this a good Thin out dense congested branches. Wire
Ficus benjamina Weeping fig Tender species to work with for bonsai. It flowers in the main branches as and when required.
evergreen usually considered an indoor tree late spring; females need to be close to a male Ramification can develop quickly through
in temperate climates. tree to pollinate and fruit. Once the berries pruning, clip and grow, and defoliation.
have set and the leaves are starting to change Propagation Cuttings, layering.
Ficus macrophylla Moreton Bay fig color, protect it from birds. The branches are
Tender evergreen with a mature buttressed slow to thicken and growth tends to happen
trunk, which may prefer an indoor location very vertically. Prune it back and favor Juniperus
in temperate climates. downward growing shoots. JUNIPER
Hardiness/Location Frost hardy, zones 5–9; Versatile and full of character, this is one
Ficus platypoda Australian fig protect from heavy frost. Give slight shade in of the most popular choices for bonsai
Commonly used in Australia, this tender the midsummer sun; otherwise give full sun. cultivation. Many species are available, and
evergreen has smooth leaves and small Watering Do not allow holly to dry out in the collected yamadori specimens are highly
orange-red flowers. growing season, especially if it is fruiting. It sought after. Two types, scale and needle
will soon lose its fruit. It likes wetter climates. junipers, have different growth and cultivation
Ficus retusa Banyan fig This has Fertilizing Fertilize lightly throughout the characteristics. Foliage management is very
distinctive aerial roots that should be year. If vegetative growth is required, fertilize important with junipers; never remove large
encouraged, but also pruned if they are heavily; if fruit is required, fertilize lightly amounts of foliage at one time—it is the
becoming too thick and out of balance. and then once fruit has set, apply a high P:K driving force behind the tree. Without foliage,
fertilizer in late summer and fall. the tree will stall, suffer, and potentially die.
Ficus rubiginosa Port Jackson fig Transplanting/Soil Every two to three years With correct cultivation, junipers develop
Tender evergreen with glossy dark in spring. Use a deciduous soil mix. rapidly and create beautiful trees. Deadwood
green leaves. Pests/Diseases Aphids can be a problem on features are especially beautiful and
younger shoots. characteristic of junipers, which have evolved
Ficus salicifolia Willow leaf fig Also Pruning/Styling Clump and informal upright to grow in the harshest of wild environments.
known as F. neriifolia, this species is widely styles are best. Allow new growth to extend Hardiness/Location Hardy, zones 3 to 11,
used due to the very small, thin leaf shape to four or five leaves before wiring it down depending on the species. They withstand a
that makes it ideal for bonsai. and pinching off the terminal growth. Once wide range of temperatures, but protect small
leaves have hardened off—or in autumn— trees in winter and pots from hard, long
prune it back to shape. Consider the position freezes. Position in full sun unless it is very
Ginkgo biloba
and direction of the buds when pruning; intense or if the tree is slightly weaker, when
MAIDENHAIR TREE favor outward and horizontal or downward- slight shade is better. Keeping junipers in
This unique deciduous tree has no living facing buds if possible. shade causes the foliage to elongate and turn
relatives. It has unusual foliage that turns Propagation From seed, or by layering. dark green. Keep them away from hawthorns,
golden in fall. It has a unique growth both natural or bonsai.
habit and should be styled as such. It is Watering They are generally drought tolerant
best to stick to narrow upright growth and Jasminum nudiflorum but will thrive if kept moist year-round. Avoid
multiple stems coming from the trunk. Any WINTER-FLOWERING JASMINE overwatering, but do not allow the soil to dry
other styling looks forced and artificial. Often used for shohin trees, this has beautiful out. Keep needle junipers much more moist.
Ramification and creating a traditional yellow flowers in the middle of winter. Fertilizing Apply regularly throughout the
deciduous branching structure are difficult. Relatively easy to keep, it will bud on older growing season.
Hardiness/Location Hardy, zones 4–10, but wood. It is slightly difficult to maintain old Transplanting/Soil Do this every two to three
protect it from freezing since the roots are branches for a long time, but it responds well years as a younger tree or shohin. For larger
fleshy. Give full sun except in extreme heat. to defoliation. Suits any style, but it is often and more established trees, wait as long as
Watering Do not allow it to dry out in the seen as full or semi-cascade. possible—provided water can penetrate the
growing season and keep it moist but not Hardiness/Location Frost hardy, zones 6–9. surface easily and the tree shows no signs of
wet in winter. Smaller trees need protection from freezing. ill health. The roots are very fine, so a small-