Page 207 - Ebook cây cảnh Art of Bonsai

Plant care directory 207

Pests/Diseases Aphids, scale insects, and the pot from freezing. Provide full sun but which should be left unpruned to grow. Any
mealybugs may be a problem but it is shade the tree in intense sunlight. strong growth should be cut back in favor of
generally trouble free. Flowers can attract Watering It is a thirsty tree, so do not allow fibrous roots or uneven surface roots and
insects in warmer climates. Foliage it to dry out in the growing season. branching will develop. Use a deciduous soil
problems are most likely due to poor Fertilizing Throughout the growing season mix, with small particle size.
soil or overwatering. once new growth has been stopped. Pests/Diseases Aphids, beech bark scale, and
Pruning/Styling Foliage pads respond to Transplanting/Soil Do this every two to powdery mildew are potentially problems but
topiary-style pruning, but for improvement, three years into a deciduous mix. it is generally trouble free.
thin out branches and apply a clip and grow Pests/Diseases Generally pest free. Pruning/Styling Stop new growth from
technique throughout the growing season. Pruning/Styling Use deciduous styling; it extending on strong areas by pinching off
Wire the main branches if necessary. tends to send out multiple shoots from one the terminal growth to leave only one or
Propagation Take cuttings in spring/summer node so ensure these are not allowed to two leaves. Weaker internal areas should be
or sow seed. thicken. Prune it to shape and wire as allowed to fully extend to six or seven leaves
required. It is similar to other deciduous trees. before stopping terminal growth. Prune it
Propagation Seed, cuttings. back to shape in fall after leaf drop. Prune
Elaeagnus
back to the first or second node. Allowing
ELEAGNUS Euonymus alatus Winged spindle This extension will increase the leaf size and node
This shrub is well suited for bonsai, and has beautiful fall colors and corky, winged length, so balance the shaping requirements
responds well to defoliation and styling. They bark that develops on branches. It produces with energy requirements. In fall, prune back
are fast growing and vigorous plants, tolerant small orange/red fruit in fall. any strong branches and also prune to shape,
of many conditions. They have small flowers giving consideration to bud orientation. Wire
followed by pendulous fruit, and are suited for Euonymus europaeus European the tree in winter or late summer. The clip and
a variety of styles and sizes. The leaves are spindle This has pink flowers followed by grow technique is very successful for
dark green with a silvery underside. They will red seed capsules. ramification. Do not defoliate.
reduce with defoliation. Propagation Seed, or air layering in
Hardiness/Location Hardy, zones 4–8. Protect Euonymus sieboldianus Japanese early summer.
the pot from extended freezing. Full sun and spindle This tree produces pink or white
a windy location are no problem throughout fruit and is a very vigorous grower. Fagus crenata Japanese beech This
the year. commonly imported variety tends to hold
Watering It is drought tolerant but will thrive onto its bronze fall foliage throughout winter
if kept moist throughout the year. Fagus as protection for the buds. The trunk can be
Fertilizing Do this throughout the growing BEECH almost white.
season, with a break during flowering. This deciduous tree makes a striking bonsai
Transplanting/Soil Every two to three years image. The two main species are European Fagus sylvatica European beech
into a deciduous soil mix. and Japanese, although there are some Many different cultivars are available; choose
Pests/Diseases Generally pest free. variants on those. An apically dominant tree, small or interesting leaves. It usually drops
Pruning/Styling Allow new growth to extend work must be done to restrict strong upward its leaves.
to five or six leaves before pruning back to and outward growth or it will suffer a loss of
two leaves. Defoliation is possible once the internal branches. The lower branches are
leaves become hard. Wiring is no problem. slow to thicken, and the upper branches are Ficus
The branches can become too coarse, so thin quick to become coarse. They are generally FIG
out strong areas regularly to prevent it from very upright styles and occasionally groups. Widely used in warmer and tropical climates,
happening, especially on small trees. Use Medium to large size is best. figs are often indoor plants across North
any style except broom, and any size but Hardiness/Location Hardy, zones 4–9. They America and northern Europe. There are more
small to medium is best. are winter hardy, but protect the pot from than 800 species, with many suitable for
Propagation Cuttings. deep freeze. Give full sun except in extreme bonsai. It tolerates hard pruning and will bud
conditions, and protect new shoots from from older wood. It is difficult to bend heavier
Elaeagnus multiflora This is a deciduous wind- or sunburn. branches, so set the structure early. They
shrub, with small flowers and red fruit. Watering As with other deciduous trees, do thrive in good conditions, so will need warmth
not allow it to dry out in summer. Keep it and light if used as an indoor plant.
Elaeagnus pungens Thorny elaeagnus moist but not wet in winter. Hardiness/Location Frost tender, zones
This evergreen shrub has flowers in summer Fertilizing Do this with younger trees from 10–11. Keep them inside if temperatures
followed by beige colored fruit. bud break throughout the season. For more drop below 60°F (15°C). Protect them from
mature, refined specimens, wait until after cold wind. Direct sunlight is best for
pruning and for leaves to harden off before encouraging small foliage, although they will
Euonymus
fertilizing. Fertilize more heavily in fall. tolerate lower light levels. Do not overheat
SPINDLE TREE Transplanting/Soil Every two years for them in summer. High humidity levels are
This deciduous tree is renowned for its vivid younger trees, every three to four for older best, so a gravel tray can help.
fall colors and fruit. It is relatively easy to specimens with an established root system. Watering Keep them moist for best results.
keep, well suited for smaller size trees due Beech have a tendency to develop one or two Do not allow them to dry out dramatically or
to the small fruit and leaf size. very strong roots. These need to be pruned stay waterlogged.
Hardiness/Location Hardy, zones 4–8. Protect back strongly in favor of weaker side roots, Fertilizing Lightly during the growing season.