Page 200 - Tài liệu cây cảnh Bonsai4me Bonsai Basics

Chapter 25 Glossary of Bonsai Terms

This is a glossary of commonly used English bonsai terms; it includes only
the most frequently used Japanese terms.
Defining the exact meaning of a commonly-used term is not easy and is
subject to interpretation.
ADVENTITIOUS BUD A bud that occurs in an unusual place on a tree.
APEX The highest point of the tree, this can be a single branch or can consist
of a series of small branches.
APICAL Growth produced by a plant which is most vigorous, in the
majority of species this at the furthest points of the plant from the rootsystem
(upper and outermost branches)..
BACKBUDDING Process by which apical growth is pruned to induce
growth further back along the branch or trunk.

BUDBREAK The point at which a bud has opened enough to show a green
tip.
BUDBURST The point at which a buds contents unfurl (the new leaves
appear).
BUD EXTENSION The point before Budbreak where the tiny buds that
have been on the branch since the previous year begin to swell and extend.
BLEED To weep sap.
BRANCHES The Primary branches are those that grow directly from the
trunk; the Secondary branches are those that grow directly from the primary
branches, the Tertiary branches grow from the secondary branches.
BROAD-LEAVED/CONIFEROUS Conifers belong to the group of naked-
seeded plants known as gymnosperms, their seeds are not enclosed in an ovary.
Conifers have leaves which are needle-shaped or scale-like. With a few notable

exceptions they are evergreen. Broad-leaved trees are a much larger group
belonging to the angiosperms or flowering plants which have seeds enclosed in
an ovary. The majority are deciduous and go dormant in Autumn through to
Spring.
BUD Organ or shoot that contains an embryonic branch, leaf or flower.
BUTTRESSING This is also known as root-flare, where the base of the tree
flares outwards giving the feeling of great age and solidity.
CAMBIUM Green growth tissue directly below the bark, its increase in size
adds to the girth of roots and stems.