Page 202 - Tài liệu cây cảnh Bonsai4me Bonsai Basics

bonsai are normally tropical or subtropical species that need to be kept inside for

part of the year, usually during periods of cold temperatures outside.
INTERNODE Section of growth between two nodes (leaves or leaf-joints).
JIN A deadwood effect on a bonsai-can be either an old branch or a
protruding part of the trunk. Jins can be found naturally occurring on old
collected trees though are more often than not, artificially created from unwanted
branches.
LAYERING Ground and airlayering are methods of producing new roots
from the trunk or branches of a tree; often used as a propagation method but also
useful for correcting poor surface rots (nebari).
LITERATI A bonsai form where the tree has a tall, slender trunk with no
lower branches and only sparse foliage confined to the upper reaches of the tree.
MAME Name given to bonsai less than 15cm/6 inches in height.
NEBARI Commonly-used Japanese term to describe the surface roots of a
bonsai (those that can been seen on or above the surface of the soil).
NODE Growth point on a branch or trunk from which leaves, leaf buds and
shoots can arise.

OVERWATERING Where a tree growing in poor-draining soil is given
water too frequently (the soil does not begin to dry out before more water is
applied). This decreases even further the amount of air available to the roots
caused by the poorly drained soil. Eventually leads to dead roots and root rot.
PEAT Inorganic bonsai soil component that has rightly fallen from favour
amongst bonsai enthusiasts.
POTENSAI 'Potential bonsai'.
RAMIFICATION The repeated division of branches into secondary
branches.
SEASONAL BONSAI Species that only look their best for a short period of
the year, for instance trees grown for their flowers or fruit.
SHARI Deadwood on the trunk of a bonsai (as opposed to Jin which is a
deadwood branch or protrusion).

SOIL In the context of bonsai, soil does not refer to the soil found in the
ground but specialist bonsai soils used for growing bonsai. Organic soils are
those that contain ingredients derived from plants; peat, bark or leaf litter.
Inorganic soils contain inert materials, mineral, stone or hardened/fired clays
such as grit, sand, akadama or turface.
SUIBAN A shallow tray with no drainage holes that is commonly filled with
either gravel or water and can house rock plantings.
SPECIES The subdivision of Genus; the second name in Latin nomenclature
i.e. Acer PALMATUM.