Page 217 - Ebook cây cảnh Art of Bonsai

Plant care directory 217

Transplanting/Soil Similar to juniper. The Tsuga heterophylla Western hemlock as well as outdoors: it is very hardy. Although
roots tend to be quite delicate and tender, Bears short, glossy, needlelike leaves that deciduous, as an indoor tree it often holds
especially on collected trees. Be conservative darken with age. onto its leaves all year round. With careful
with root pruning and soil removal. work, Chinese elms can be trained into
Pests/Diseases Scale and root rot are the only remarkable specimen trees over a number of
major concerns. Scale is difficult to find since Ulmus years. They are an underrated species due to
they look like buds forming on the stems. ELM their often very humble beginnings.
Pruning/Styling Generally slightly less This deciduous tree makes an ideal bonsai
dramatic than juniper, but deadwood features due to its rapid ramification. It can be a very Ulmus procera English elm An upright
are always interesting. They can be wired and vigorous grower, so quick results can be tree with gray-brown bark and dark green
bent fairly easily, although thicker branches obtained especially with patience and leaves that turn yellow in fall.
are difficult to manipulate. Creating a layered dedication to very fine work. It tolerates
skeleton branching structure and then repeated defoliation, which creates very
allowing shoots to grow before pinching to small leaves. Wisteria
promote budding is best. Do not over wire Hardiness/Location Frost hardy, zones 5–9. WISTERIA
young branches; directional pruning and Protect pots from frost. Provide full sun up This deciduous climber will flower in summer
conscientious pinching will soon create well- to 90ºF (32ºC), except in the most intense with large racemes of usually purple flowers.
ramified pads. Eventually the branches will conditions. Hardiness/Location Frost hardy, zones 4–9.
be very compact and upward growing. Watering Keep moist throughout the year Protect pots from frost. Provide full sun
Propagation From cuttings or layering. for best results. Do not overwater if it is except in the most intense conditions up
grown indoors. to 90ºF (32ºC).
Taxus baccata European yew Dark Fertilizing Regularly throughout the growing Watering Wisteria are very thirsty trees in
green foliage and red berries are possible in season. It will not affect the node length and summer: allow them to stand in a deep tray
fall. It is ideally suited to the midwestern leaf size too much, but do not overfertilize if of water during midsummer. Keep moist but
US climate. There are over 200 ornamental you are looking for compact ramification. not wet in winter.
cultivars, but many are too weak or Transplanting/Soil Every two to three Fertilizing Apply heavily to promote
unsuitable for bonsai cultivation. years. Balance the root growth early on in vegetative growth, but give zero nitrogen
development: imported trees often have one fertilizer to promote flowering.
Taxus cuspidata Japanese yew or two strong roots, which should be pruned Transplanting/Soil Leave wisteria to become
Displaying a slightly lighter shade of green, it back in favor of weaker side roots. Use potbound and force maturity if you want it
is a little less vigorous than the T. baccata. a deciduous mix. to flower; allowing roots to grow will promote
Many imported specimen trees exist. Pests/Diseases Aphids and gall mites are foliage and branch development. Use water-
a slight concern. and nutrient-retentive soil mix. Transplant
Pruning/Styling A clip and grow approach in spring.
Tsuga
is key. Allow new shoots to extend out if Pests/Diseases Aphids and scale are possible
HEMLOCK thickness is desired before pruning back problems.
This conifer is similar in many ways to Taxus, to one or two nodes. When building up Pruning/Styling It is difficult to build
preferring colder, wetter, shadier climates. ramification, allow shoots to extend to three ramification in the traditional sense of the
Treat and create in very similar way. or four leaves before pruning back to two word; prune growth after flowering and then
Hardiness/Location Hardy, zones 3–7. Protect leaves. Once they harden off, defoliate. New as and when new shoots extend. Hard prune
from cold winds in winter and from deep shoots will come out again, so repeat the in fall if it is dramatically out of shape. Style in
freezes. Give partial shade in hot climates. process. This can be done numerous times a way that shows off the flowers rather than
Watering Similar to Taxus, it prefers moist soil throughout the year, but give thought to less creating a structure.
that is not waterlogged. defoliation on weaker internal branches to Propagation From cuttings or layering.
Fertilizing Regularly throughout the season build-up their strength. Wire branches to
Transplanting/Soil Try to leave undisturbed if set the initial structure, then build using
the soil is relatively porous, and transplant as directional pruning. Hard cuts can be made in Zelkova serrata
necessary. Use a coniferous soil mix. fall. It can be made into any style or size. JAPANESE ELM
Pests/Diseases Generally pest free. Propagation From cuttings or by layering. This is very similar to other elms in approach
Pruning/Styling Pinch the tips of new growth and care. It is almost always styled as broom
throughout the season to maintain the shape. Ulmus glabra Wych Elm A rounded style, but does not have to be exclusively so.
Allow new shoots to extend, wire to shape, tree with gray-brown bark and yellow See Ulmus, above.
and then pinch the tips to create adventitious fall foliage.
buds. Let them extend before repeating.
Wire will easily dig in: take care to avoid this. Ulmus x hollandica ‘Jacqueline Hillier’
The growth habit is often multi-trunked or This dwarf variety has a very dense natural
a slender trunk with spreading branches. habit and tiny leaves, so is ideal for small-
Dramatic collected specimens do exist. size bonsai.
Propagation From seed or from cuttings.
Ulmus parvifolia Chinese elm One of
Tsuga canadensis Eastern hemlock the most common starter trees available, this
Often multi-trunked with graceful foliage. can be grown indoors on a well-lit windowsill