Page 110 - Tài liệu Ebook cây cảnh Bonsai Basics

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GLOSSARY

A B

ACAULESCENT A plant without a BORDEAUX MIXTURE A lime and
stem between the roots and the first copper sulphate solution long used as a
leaves. fungicide.

ACCLIMATIZE Adapting a plant to a BUD An embryo shoot, flower or flower
climate different from that of its native cluster, usually protected by scales.
reg10n.
BUDDING A leaf bud, or 'eye', taken
ACIDITY The concentration of acid in with a sliver of bark, which will be
the soil (sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric, grafted on to another plant.
etc). measured in terms of pH (an acid
soil is 6 or below). BUSHY The shape of a bush or shrub,
which branches from the base rather
ADVENTITIOUS Partofa plant devel- than having a central stem or trunk, in
oping in a place where it would not which case it would be described as tree-
normally grow; for instance adventitious like or arborescent.
c
roots which grow on the stem of ivy.

AFFINITY Physiological similarity be- CAMBIUM Actively dividing cell tissue
tween two plants. This is essential when just beneath the bark which is capable of
grafting rootstock and scion material. producing new cells, controlling the
growth of the wood and bark.
ALKALINITY The opposite of acidity,
usually characterized by soda, lime or CHLOROSIS A deficiency disease indi-
ammonia, all alkaline substances. Mea- cated by leaves turning yellow from a
sured in terms of pH (an alkaline soil lack of chlorophyll, which is in turn due
registers 7 or above). to iron deficiency.

ALTERNATE The arrangement of COMPOST A mixture of soil, peat, sand
leaves or branches which arise first on and other materials in varying propor-
one side of the stem and then the other. tions to suit the requirements of a plant
for which it will provide the growing
ARCHING or ARCURE The curves medium.
imposed on the branches by wiring.
CONTOURING Building a mound of
A RTL An extra covering around the seed soil round the base of a plant. Some
coat. It is red, fleshy and cup shaped in tender shrubs are mounded in late
the case of yew, but is a tuft of hairs in autumn to protect them from cold, espe-
willows. cially in districts where winters arc
harsh. Contouring the soil round a bon-
AXIL The angle formed by a lateral sai enhances its appearance.
branch with the trunk or by a leaf with a
branch. CULTIVAR (cv) A plant which has
been selected or bred by man. It differs
AXILLARY Bud, shoot or flower grow- from other individuals or the same spe-
ing from the axil. The axillary is also cies by one or more characteristics which
known as a lateral bud. serve to identify the plant type. A